Insurance is about balancing risk and deductibles are a key factor to consider in helping individuals do so. The benefits of using a deductible include:
- They keep premiums lower — With a higher deductible, the insured is taking on more risk, so the insurer will charge less for the premium.
- They discourage small or frivolous claims — By requiring some out-of-pocket payment or “skin in the game”, deductibles encourage policyholders to consider whether a claim is worthwhile to turn in or not.
- They provide options for the insured — For example, insuring property at full replacement cost with a higher deductible shifts more of the initial loss burden to the insured, while insuring property at actual cash value with a lower deductible places more of the total loss value on the insured.
Types of Deductibles:
- Fixed-dollar Deductible: A specific amount you pay before coverage applies (common to auto and homeowners insurance).
- Split Deductibles: Two specific deductibles depending on the loss type or “peril” with Wind & Hail deductibles being higher than “All Other” perils ($2,500 All /$5,000 W&H).
- Percentage Deductibles: A percentage of the total insured value (1%, 2%, 3%, or even 5%)
- Per-claim vs. Annual Deductible: Per-claim deductibles apply every time you file a claim (auto insurance) and annual deductibles reset each year (health insurance).
Ask yourself the following questions when choosing your deductible:
- Can I pay this deductible in an emergency without changing my financial situation tremendously?
- Determine for yourself what the number is, where it changes from not devastating to not acceptable
- Will I file a claim with damage of $500, $1,000, $1,500, or higher?
- If the answer is no, you could save some premium by increasing your deductible.
- Would my premium savings be worth the additional exposure with a higher deductible?
- Sometimes it is not! Usually the premium savings is worthwhile, but not always.
- How many claims do I estimate will be filed in the upcoming policy year?
- Planning for maternity would be one instance when an insured may want choose a lower annual deductible.
- What is my actual deductible when using a percentage deductible?
- $500,000 insured value x a 2% wind & hail deductible = $10,000 deductible
So next time you are reviewing your insurance, don’t just look at the premium. Take a close look at the deductible. It may be one of the most important numbers on the page!